1. What is ASP?
Active Server Pages
(ASP), also known as Classic ASP, is a Microsoft's server-side technology,
which helps in creating dynamic and user-friendly Web pages. It uses different
scripting languages to create dynamic Web pages, which can be run on any type
of browser. The Web pages are built by using either VBScript or JavaScript and
these Web pages have access to the same services as Windows application,
including ADO (ActiveX Data Objects) for database access, SMTP (Simple Mail
Transfer Protocol) for e-mail, and the entire COM (Component Object Model)
structure used in the Windows environment. ASP is implemented through a
dynamic-link library (asp.dll) that is called by the IIS server when a Web page
is requested from the server.
2. What is ASP.NET?
ASP.NET is a specification
developed by Microsoft to create dynamic Web applications, Web sites, and Web
services. It is a part of .NET Framework. You can create ASP.NET applications
in most of the .NET compatible languages, such as Visual Basic, C#, and J#. The
ASP.NET compiles the Web pages and provides much better performance than
scripting languages, such as VBScript. The Web Forms support to create powerful
forms-based Web pages. You can use ASP.NET Web server controls to create
interactive Web applications. With the help of Web server controls, you can
easily create a Web application.
3. What is the basic difference between ASP and
ASP.NET?
The basic difference
between ASP and ASP.NET is that ASP is interpreted; whereas, ASP.NET is
compiled. This implies that since ASP uses VBScript; therefore, when an ASP
page is executed, it is interpreted. On the other hand, ASP.NET uses .NET
languages, such as C# and VB.NET, which are compiled to Microsoft Intermediate
Language (MSIL).
4. In which event are the controls fully loaded?
Page load event
guarantees that all controls are fully loaded. Controls are also accessed
in Page_Initevents but you will see that view state is not
fully loaded during this event
5. How can we identify that the Page is Post
Back?
Page object has an
"IsPostBack" property, which can be checked to know
that is the page posted back.
6. What is the lifespan for items stored in
ViewState?
The items stored
in ViewState live until the lifetime of the current
page expires including the postbacks to the same page.
7. How information about the user's locale can be
accessed?
The information
regarding a user's locale can be accessed by using the System.Web.UI.Page.Cultureproperty.
7. What is the difference between SQL
notification and SQL invalidation?
The SQL cache
notification generates notifications when the data of a database changes, on
which your cache item depends. The SQL cache invalidation makes a cached item
invalid when the data stored in a SQL server database changes.
8. Which is the parent class of the Web server
control?
The System.Web.UI.Control class is the parent class for all Web
server controls.
9. Can you set which type of comparison you want
to perform by the CompareValidator control?
Yes, by setting
the Operator property of the CompareValidator control.
10. What is the behavior of a Web browser when it
receives an invalid element?
The behavior of a Web
browser when it receives an invalid element depends on the browser that you use
to browse your application. Most of the browsers ignore the invalid element;
whereas, some of them display the invalid elements on the page.
11. What are the advantages of the code-behind
feature?
The code-behind
feature of ASP.NET offers a number of advantages:
§
Makes code easy to
understand and debug by separating application logic from HTML tags
§
Provides the isolation
of effort between graphic designers and software engineers
§ Removes the problems of browser
incompatibility by providing code files to exist on the Web server and
supporting Web pages to be compiled on demand
13. What is object-oriented programming (OOP)?
OOP is a technique to
develop logical modules, such as classes that contain properties, methods,
fields, and events. An object is created in the program to represent a class.
Therefore, an object encapsulates all the features, such as data and behavior
that are associated to a class. OOP allows developers to develop modular
programs and assemble them as software. Objects are used to access data and
behaviors of different software modules, such as classes, namespaces, and
sharable assemblies. .NET Framework supports only OOP languages, such as Visual
Basic .NET, Visual C#, and Visual C++.
14. What is a class?
A class describes all
the attributes of objects, as well as the methods that implement the behavior
of member objects. It is a comprehensive data type, which represents a blue
print of objects. It is a template of object.
A class can be defined as the primary building block of OOP. It also serves as a template that describes the properties, state, and behaviors common to a particular group of objects.
A class contains data and behavior of an entity. For example, the aircraft class can contain data, such as model number, category, and color and behavior, such as duration of flight, speed, and number of passengers. A class inherits the data members and behaviors of other classes by extending from them.
A class can be defined as the primary building block of OOP. It also serves as a template that describes the properties, state, and behaviors common to a particular group of objects.
A class contains data and behavior of an entity. For example, the aircraft class can contain data, such as model number, category, and color and behavior, such as duration of flight, speed, and number of passengers. A class inherits the data members and behaviors of other classes by extending from them.
15. What is an object?
They are instance of
classes. It is a basic unit of a system. An object is an entity that has
attributes, behavior, and identity. Attributes and behavior of an object are
defined by the class definition.
16. What is the relationship between a class and
an object?
A class acts as a
blue-print that defines the properties, states, and behaviors that are common
to a number of objects. An object is an instance of the class. For example, you
have a class called Vehicleand Car is the object of that class. You can
create any number of objects for the class named Vehicle, such as Van, Truck, and Auto.
The new operator is used to create an object of a class. When an object of a class is instantiated, the system allocates memory for every data member that is present in the class.
The new operator is used to create an object of a class. When an object of a class is instantiated, the system allocates memory for every data member that is present in the class.
17. Explain the basic features of OOPs.
The following are the
four basic features of OOP:
· Abstraction - Refers to the process of exposing only the relevant and
essential data to the users without showing unnecessary information.
· Polymorphism - Allows you to use an entity in multiple forms.
· Encapsulation - Prevents the data from unwanted access
by binding of code and data in a single unit called object.
· Inheritance - Promotes the reusability of code and eliminates the use
of redundant code. It is the property through which a child class obtains all
the features defined in its parent class. When a class inherits the common
properties of another class, the class inheriting the properties is called a
derived class and the class that allows inheritance of its common properties is
called a base class.
18. What is the difference between arrays and
collection?
Array:
1. You need to specify the size of an array at
the time of its declaration. It cannot be resized dynamically.
2. The members of an array should be of the same
data type.
Collection:
3. The size of a collection can be adjusted
dynamically, as per the user's requirement. It does not have fixed size.
4. Collection can have elements of different
types.
19. What are collections and generics?
A collection can be
defined as a group of related items that can be referred to as a single unit.
TheSystem.Collections namespace provides you with many classes
and interfaces. Some of them are -ArrayList, List, Stack, ICollection, IEnumerable, and IDictionary. Generics provide the type-safety to your
class at the compile time. While creating a data structure, you never need to
specify the data type at the time of declaration. The System.Collections.Generic namespace contains all the generic collections.
20. How can you prevent your class to be inherited
further?
You can prevent a
class from being inherited further by defining it with the sealed keyword.
21. What is the index value of the first element
in an array?
In an array, the index
value of the first element is 0 (zero).
22. Can you specify the accessibility modifier for
methods inside the interface?
All the methods inside
an interface are always public, by default. You cannot specify any other
access modifier for them.
23. Is it possible for a class to inherit the
constructor of its base class?
No, a class cannot
inherit the constructor of its base class.
24. How is method overriding different from method
overloading?
Overriding involves
the creation of two or more methods with the same name and same signature in
different classes (one of them should be parent class and other should be
child).
Overloading is a concept of using a method at different places with same name and different signatures within the same class.
Overloading is a concept of using a method at different places with same name and different signatures within the same class.
25. What is the difference between a class and a
structure?
Class:
1. A class is a reference type.
2. While instantiating a class, CLR allocates
memory for its instance in heap.
3. Classes support inheritance.
4. Variables of a class can be assigned as null.
5. Class can contain constructor/destructor.
Structure:
6. A structure is a value type.
7. In structure, memory is allocated on stack.
8. Structures do not support inheritance.
9. Structure members cannot have null values.
10. Structure does not require constructor/destructor and members
can be initialiazed automatically.
26. What are similarities between a class and a
structure.
Structures and classes
are the two most important data structures that are used by programmers to
build modular programs by using OOP languages, such as Visual Basic .NET, and
Visual C#. The following are some of the similarities between a class and a
structure:
· Access specifiers, such as public, private, and protected, are identically used
in structures and classes to restrict the access of their data and methods
outside their body.
· The access level for class members and struct
members, including nested classes and structs, is private by default. Private
nested types are not accessible from outside the containing type.
· Both can have constructors, methods,
properties, fields, constants, enumerations, events, and event handlers.
· Both structures and classes can implement
interfaces to use multiple-inheritance in code.
· Both structures and classes can have
constructors with parameter.
· Both structures and classes can have delegates
and events.
27. What is a multicast delegate?
Each delegate object
holds reference to a single method. However, it is possible for a delegate
object to hold references of and invoke multiple methods. Such delegate objects
are called multicast delegates or combinable delegates.
28. Can you declare an overridden method to be
static if the original method is not static?
No. Two virtual
methods must have the same signature.
29. Why is the virtual keyword used in code?
The virtual keyword is used
while defining a class to specify that the methods and the properties of that
class can be overridden in derived classes.
30. Can you allow a class to be inherited, but
prevent a method from being overridden in C#?
Yes. Just declare the
class public and make the method sealed.
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